Prior to 2000, there was extensive data on how much cat dander was present in dust samples, and how much allergen in dust was required for someone to react, but there were no standardized tests for measuring allergen in cats. Different researchers used different sampling methods.
In 2003, Tom and Meredith Lundberg developed preliminary research methods to measure allergen levels in fur and saliva samples. In an effort to perform large scale breed studies, these techniques were released to Siberian breeders through Siberian Research. Almost 300 adult Siberians were saliva tested over three years.
The study proved some Siberians are low allergen. We found
- Allergen levels in Siberians were typically lower than most cats
- The Siberian Fel d1 gene has multiple genetic mutations.
- Similar mutations were not found in other breeds
- No other breed had similar reductions in feline allergen.
- Allergen levels in Siberians differ significantly (some are very high).
- A few Siberians (15%) are suitable for homes with severe allergies.
These preliminary techniques were suitable for large scale studies, but were not not designed to provide accurate data on individual cats. Our research test methods included:
- Shaving a small patch of fur from the shoulder area
- Using dry powder to induce salivation.
Shaving fur includes the top coat, which does not contain the same amount of allergens as the crimp and downy undercoat. Shaving too closely to the skin also causes erratic results. Fur samples from cats under a year of age were highly erratic.
Several different salivants were trialed. Metronidazole (Flagil) and Sulfa produced the most consistent results, but still altered release of salivary enzymes and proteins. Citric acid (the commonest salivant) causes testosterone release, directly interfering with the ELISA test assay. The error rate (incorrect results) with these early methods was 20% in adult cats, and 40% in kittens under the age of nine months.
Many Siberian breeders still use these early research methods that were developed for large population studies. Due to the high error rates, Siberian Research discourages the use of these methods for sale or breeding decisions.
After this initial allergy research was concluded, Tom and Meredith Lundberg continued to research and refine testing methods. In cooperation with UC Davis, they developed detailed reference charts and sophisticated tests for both saliva and fur. These fur tests can be used by 12 months of age. Saliva tests for kittens can be started at 12-13 weeks of age. These tests are available to Siberian breeders through www.kittentesting.com
Photos courtesy of Lundberg Siberians – copyrighted, all use prohibited. Allergen information is provided by KittenTesting. Please provide a website link to information from these pages.